Working principle of square hole agricultural machinery bearings

The working principle of square hole agricultural machinery bearings is based on their special square hole structure and rolling friction mechanism. Through optimized contact design, efficient support and low friction operation of agricultural machinery equipment are achieved. The following is a specific analysis:

1、 Structural features and contact mechanisms

The core of square hole agricultural machinery bearings lies in the square hole design used in their inner rings, which is different from traditional circular hole bearings. The square hole structure is directly matched with the square cross-section of the shaft to form a multilateral constraint. This design disperses stress through the four contact surfaces of the square hole when the bearing is subjected to radial loads, avoiding local wear caused by single point contact. At the same time, the square structure enhances the torsional strength of the shaft and bearings, effectively preventing relative sliding between the shaft and bearings when agricultural machinery equipment is frequently started and stopped or subjected to impact loads.

2、 Rolling Friction and Motion Transmission

The operation of square hole agricultural machinery bearings is based on the principle of rolling friction, where the rolling elements (such as balls or rollers) roll between the inner and outer raceway, converting sliding friction into rolling friction. The specific process is as follows:

External force drive: The power system of agricultural machinery (such as the engine and transmission shaft) transmits torque to the inner ring of the bearing through the shaft. The square hole structure of the inner ring ensures efficient torque transmission and reduces energy loss.

Rolling element motion: Under the guidance of the cage, the rolling element performs periodic rolling along the raceway, transmitting the rotational motion of the inner ring to the outer ring, and then driving the working components of the agricultural machinery (such as the wheel hub and the cutting disc).

Friction and lubrication: The friction coefficient of rolling friction is much lower than that of sliding friction. When used in conjunction with lubricating grease or oil, it can further reduce frictional resistance, heat generation, and wear.

3、 Load adaptation and stability

The special structure of square hole agricultural machinery bearings enables them to have excellent load adaptability and stability under complex working conditions:

High load bearing capacity: The square hole design increases the contact area and improves the radial and axial bearing capacity of the bearing, making it suitable for components in agricultural machinery that can withstand heavy loads, such as tractor drive axles and combine harvester threshing drums.

Shock resistance and vibration reduction: During agricultural machinery operations, equipment is often subjected to external impacts such as soil and crops. The square hole structure reduces micro motion wear between the shaft and the bearing through rigid connections, and with the elastic design of the bearing outer ring (such as the outer spherical structure), it can absorb some vibration energy and improve the smoothness of equipment operation.

Advantages of installation and maintenance: The square hole design simplifies the installation process of bearings, allowing for quick alignment of shafts and bearings without the need for specialized tools, reducing assembly difficulty. Meanwhile, the square hole structure is easy to disassemble, facilitating later maintenance and replacement.